In May 2003, the House Appropriations Committee's Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies held hearings regarding U.S. government efforts to support American businesses adversely affected by imports from China. In light of concerns expressed at this hearing, the House-Senate conference report on fiscal year 2004 appropriations legislation3 requested that GAO monitor the efforts of U.S. government agencies responsible for ensuring free and fair trade with China.