Surgical site infection is the invasion by microorganisms of tissue layers affected by surgery. Infection-related maternal morbidity has been shown to be higher after caesarean section than after vaginal delivery. Through this study, we hope to contribute to limiting the risk of infection after caesarean section and thus contribute to the well-being of patients.The general objective was to analyze the factors associated with surgical site infections after caesarean section at the Yaoundé Central Hospital, the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital and the Yaoundé University Hospital. Specifically, the aim was to calculate the frequency of surgical site infections after caesarean section, to describe the comparative characteristics of infected and non-infected patients, and to identify the factors influencing the occurrence of these infections.This was a retrospective case-control study from December 20, 2017 to April 20, 2018 (5 months).