Roughly 40 percent of all U.S. workers participate in pension plans offered by their employers.2 Under Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA), employers are permitted to offer their employees two broad types of retirement plans, defined benefit (DB) and DC. Over the past three decades, there has been a general shift by employers away from DB plans to DC plans, the most predominant of which is the 401(k) plan.