The intricate interaction between cytokines and various biological systems plays a crucial role in cancer growth and pathogenesis. Cytokines, as signaling molecules, regulate key cancer-related processes, including tumor cell invasion and metastasis, enabling the spread of cancer to distant organs. They also influence angiogenesis-the formation of new blood vessels that supply nutrients and oxygen to growing tumors. Additionally, cytokines contribute to inflammation, a hallmark of cancer, fostering a tumor-promoting environment. In the immune system, cytokines have dual roles: they can either activate the immune response to target and eliminate cancer cells or suppress immune activity, allowing tumors to evade detection. Moreover, cytokines participate in cellular damage and repair mechanisms, often tipping the balance toward malignant transformation.