Structures having diameter of the orders of nanometers are referred as nanostructures. Significant amount of research has been carried out on single dimensional nanoscale structures like nanowires. Miniature sizes bring exclusive properties to nanowires because of quantum captivity. Large surface-to-volume ratios enable high sensitivity to surface effects in nanowires. The distinctive geometrical benefits and properties assist the utilization of nanowires in nanoelectronics. This book is an attempt to provide an advanced assessment of the various uses of different nanowires and related progress in creation and properties characterization. It comprises of discourses on recent developments in metal oxide nanowires, silicon nanowires, carbon based nanotubes and nanowires.