Major and exciting changes have taken place recently in various aspects of biotechnology and its applications to forestry. Even more exciting is the prospect of major innovations that the entire field of biotechnology holds for plant growth in general. The importance of these developments for the forestry sector is considerable, particu­ larly since forestry science has not received the kinds of technical and R&D inputs that, say, agriculture has received in the past few decades. Y ct the problems of defor­ estation as well as stagnation in yields and productivity of existing forests throughout the world are becoming increasingly apparent, with consequences and ecological ef­ fects that cause growing worldwide concern. Policies for application of existing knowledge in biotechnology to the field of forestry and priorities for future research and development are, therefore, of considerable value, because it is only through the adop­ tion of the right priorities and enlightened policies that scientific developments will move along the right direction, leading to improvements in forestry practices throughout the world. It was against this backdrop that the Tata Energy Research Institute (TERI) or­ ganised a major international workshop on the "Applications of Biotechnology in For­ estry and Horticulture" at New Delhi in January 1988. The present volume covers the proceedings of this international workshop.