Throughout history, humans have contended with pandemics, but the devastation wrought by them had been largely forgotten by the twenty-first century. Now, the enormous human and economic toll of the rap-idly spreading COVID-19 disease offers a vivid reminder that infectious disease pandemics are one of the greatest existential threats to humanity. This book provides an accessible explanation of how viruses emerge to cause pandemics, how our immune system combats them and how diagnostic tests, vaccines, and antiviral therapies work-concepts that provide the foundation for our public health policies.