CONTENTS.CHAP. PAGE I. EARLY ITALIAN ART--GIOTTO, 1276-1337--ANDREA PISANO,1280-1345--ORCAGNA, 1315-1376--GHIBERTI, 1381-1455--MASACCIO, 1402-1428_OR_ 1429--FRA ANGELICO, 1387-1455 1II. EARLY FLEMISH ART--THE VAN EYCKS, 1366-1442--MABUSE, _ABOUT_1470-1532--MEMLING, _ABOUT_ 1478-1499--QUINTIN MATSYS, 1460-1530 OR 3141III. IN EARLY SCHOOLS OF ITALIAN ART--THE BELLINI, 1422-1512--MANTEGNA,1431-1506--GHIRLANDAJO, 1449-1498--- IL FRANCIA, 1450-1518--FRABARTOLOMMEO, 1469-1517--ANDREA DEL SARTO, 1488-1530 53IV. LIONARDO DA VINCI. 1452-1519--MICHAEL ANGELO, 1475-1564--RAPHAEL,1483-1520--TITIAN, 1477-1566 83V. GERMAN ART--ALBRECHT DÜRER, 1471-1528 169VI. LATER ITALIAN ART--GIORGIONE, 1477-1511--CORREGGIO, _ABOUT_1493-1534--TINTORETTO, 1512-1594--VERONESE, 1530-1588 181VII. CARRACCI, 1555-1609--GUIDO RENI, 1575-1642--DOMENICHINO,1581-1641--SALVATOR ROSA, 1615-1673 212VIII. LATER FLEMISH ART--RUBENS, 1577-1640--REMBRANDT, 1606 _OR_1608-1669--TENIERS, FATHER AND SON, 1582-1694--WOUVVERMAN,1620-1668--CUYP, 1605; _STILL LIVING_, 1638--PAUL POTTER,1625-1654--CORNELIUS DE HEEM, 1630 225IX. SPANISH ART--VELASQUEZ, 1599-1660--MURILLO, 1618-1682 260X. FRENCH ART--NICOLAS POUSSIN, 1594-1665--CLAUDE LORRAINE,1600-1682--CHARLES LE BRUN, 1619-1690--WATTEAU, 1684-1721--GREUZE,1726-1805 286XI. FOREIGN ARTISTS IN ENGLAND--HOLBEIN, 1494-1543--VAN DYCK,1599-1641--LELY, 1618-1680--CANALETTO, 1697-1768--KNELLER, 1646-1723 309XII. ITALIAN MASTERS FROM THE FOURTEENTH TO THE SEVENTEENTHCENTURIES--TADDEO GADDI, 1300, SUPPOSED TO HAVE DIED 1366--FRA FILIPPO,1412-1469--BENOZZO GOZZOLI, 1424-1496--LUCA SIGNORELLI, 1441, SUPPOSEDTO HAVE DIED ABOUT 1524--BOTTICELLI, 1447-1515--PERUGINO,1446-1522--CARPACCIO, DATE AND PLACE OF BIRTH AND DEATHUNKNOWN--CRIVELLI, FILIPPINO LIPI, EARLIER THAN 1460--ANTONELLA DAMESSINA, BELIEVED TO HAVE DIED AT VENICE, 1416--GAROPALO,1481-1559--LUINI, DATE OF BIRTH UNKNOWN, SUPPOSED TO HAVE DIED ABOUT1530--PALMA, ABOUT 1480-1528--PARDENONE, 1483-1538--LO SPAGNA, DATE OFBIRTH UNKNOWN, 1533--GIULIO ROMANO, 1492-1546--PARIS BORDONE,1500-1570--IL PARMIGIANINO, 1503-1540--BAROCCIO, 1528-1612--CARAVAGGIO,1569-1609--LO SPAGNOLETTO, 1593-1656--GUERCINO, 1592-1666--ALBANO,1578-1660--SASSOFERRATO, 1605-1615--VASARI, 1512-1574--SOFONISBAANGUISCIOLA, 1535, ABOUT 1626--LAVINIA FONTANA, 1552-1614 364XIII. GERMAN, FLEMISH, AND DUTCH ARTISTS FROM THE FIFTEENTH TO THEEIGHTEENTH CENTURY--VAN DER WEYDEN, A CONTEMPORARY OF THE VAN EYCKS,1366-1442--VAN LEYDEN, 1494-1533--VAN SOMER, 1570-1624--SNYDERS,1579-1657--G. HONTHORST, 1592-1662--JAN STEEN, 1626-1679--GERARD DOW,1613-1680--DE HOOCH, DATES OF BIRTH AND DEATH UNKNOWN--VAN OSTADE,1610-1685--MAAS, 1632-1693--METZU, 1615. STILL ALIVE IN 1667--TERBURG,1608-1681--NETCHER, 1639-1684--BOL, 1611-1680--VAN DER HELST,1613-1670--RUYSDAEL, 1625 (?)-1682--HOBBEMA, 1638-1709--BERCHEM,1620-1683--BOTH 1600 (?)-1650(?) DU JARDIN, 1625-1678--ADRIAN VAN DEVELDE, 1639-1672--VAN DER HEYDEN, 1637-1712--DE WITTE, 1607-1692--VANDER NEER, 1619 (?)-1683--WILLIAM VAN DE VELDE, THE YOUNGER,1633-1707--BACKHUYSEN, 1631-1708--VAN DE CAPELLA, ABOUT1653--HONDECOETER, 1636-1695--JAN WEENIX, 1644-1719--PATER SEGERS,1590-1661--VAN HUYSUM, 1682-1749--VAN DER WERFF, 1659-1722--MENGS,1728-1774 391 * * * * *THE OLD MASTERS AND THEIR PICTURES. * * * * *CHAPTER I.EARLY ITALIAN ART--GIOTTO, 1276-1337--ANDREA PISANO. 1280-1345--ORCAGNA,1315-1376 GHIBERTI, 1381-1455--MASACCIO, 1402-1428 OR 1429--FRAANGELICO, 1387-1455.A pencil and paper, a box of colours, and a scrap-book, form so often achild's favourite toys that one might expect that a very large portionof men and women would prove painters. But, as we grow in years andknowledge, the discrepancy between nature and our attempts to copynature, strike us more and more, until we turn in dissatisfaction anddisgust from the vain effort.There was only one old woman in an Esquimaux tribe who could be calledforward to draw with a stick on the sand a sufficiently graphic likenessof the Erebus and the Terror. It is only a few groups of men belongingto different countries, throughout the centuries, who have been able togive us paintings to which we turn in wonder and admiration, and saythat these are in their degree fair exponents of nature. The oldpainter's half-haughty, half-humble protest was true--it is 'GodAlmighty,' who in raising here and there men above their fellows, 'makespainters.'