Combining a theoretical overview with empirical evidence, this textbook analyses and compares nationalism in Western and Eastern Europe. Split into three parts, it first discusses a wide variety of theoretical perspectives, including the controversial issue of theoretical dichotomy (civic versus ethnic nationalism). The second part argues variously that nationalism is an ideology, a social movement and an attitude, and applies these to sub-state and central-state nationalism. The final part looks at European nationalism in practice, offering new empirical findings from both in-depth single country cases and cross-country comparisons.