The crumpled sculptures of American artist John Chamberlain (1927–2011) revolutionized the art world in the 1950s. Less well known, but a key element in his work, is Chamberlain's photography. In 1977, Chamberlain began to use a Widelux camera, which had been originally developed for documenting landscape with panoramic images. He experimented with its capabilities by panning the camera across space and using jerky movements, set to long exposure.