This book is about the vascular endothelium, the layer of cells that lines the inner side of all blood vessel walls. It describes the role of the endothelium in inflammation and immunity with particular regard for autoimmune kidney, rheumatic and neurological disease, as well as in transplantation. The importance of this book, and its main difference from others, is that it seeks to link basic scientific knowledge of the role of the endothelium in inflammation and immunity with what may happen in disease states.