Soybean is the most crucial oilseed and livestock feed crop in the world. Traversing the 10-year period from 2001 to 2010, world soybean production increased from 168 to 258 million metric tons (54% increase). The crop's high protein content (nearly 40% of seed weight) and oil content (approximately 20%) are characteristics that cannot be competed with any other agronomic crop. In lieu of soybean's extraordinary ascendancy, there has been an increased research interest in the crop throughout the world. Information in this book presents an inclusive outlook of research attempts in soybean genetics that will aid soybean stakeholders and scientists across the world.