Application of Solar Energy in Water Distillation

Clean drinking water is the basic necessity for every human being, but about 1.1 billion people in the world lacked proper drinking water. There are many different types of water purification processes such as filtration, reverse osmosis, ultraviolet radiation, carbon absorption, but the most reliable processes as discussed in this work is solar distillation. Water purification, such as distillation, is especially important in regions where water resources or tap water is not suitable for ingesting without boiling or chemical treatment. In design project it treats the water by combining different methods such as Filtration, Distillation and a technique called concentrated solar power (CSP). Distillation is literally the method seen in nature, whereby: the sun heats the water on the earth's surface, the water is turned into a vapor (evaporation) and rises, leaving the contaminants behind, to form clouds. As the upper atmosphere drops in temperature the vapors cool and convert back to water and fall as rain. In this research, distillation can be achieved by the use of a basin with blackened bottom to achieve high temperature which fastens the evaporation process.