This book discusses the latest advances in the research and development, design, operation, and analysis of transportation systems and their corresponding infrastructures. It presents both theories and case studies on road and rail, aviation, and maritime transportation. Further, it covers a wealth of topics, from accident analysis, intelligent vehicle control, and human-error and safety issues to next-generation transportation systems, model-based design methods, simulation and training techniques, and many more. Special emphasis is placed on smart technologies and automation in transport, as well as the user-centered, ergonomic, and sustainable design of transportation systems. The book, which is based on the AHFE 2020 Virtual Conference on Human Aspects of Transportation, held on July 16–20, 2020, mainly addresses the needs of transportation system designers, industrial designers, human–computer interaction researchers, civil and control engineers, as well as vehicle system engineers. Moreover, it represents a timely source of information for transportation policy-makers and social scientists whose work involves traffic safety, management, and sustainability issues in transport.