This book, originally published in 1952, describes and explains the stage of the decline of the Russian Empire between the Crimean and First World Wars. The book is divided up by period: the reign of Alexander II (1855-81), the period of reaction (1881-1905) and the ‘Revolution’ of 1905 and its aftermath (1905-14) and also into three sections: the structure of state and society, political movements and foreign relations.